make/let/have + O + V
說明
1. make、let以及have皆為使役動詞，當其受詞為「主動發出動作者」，後面須接原形動詞。
2. 另外，使役動詞get在接上受詞之後則必須以不定詞(to V)或動名詞(V-ing)來表示，即“get + O + to V/V-ing”，受詞亦為「主動發出動作者」。
例句
1. My mom’s phone call made me realize that committing
suicide was not the answer. (我媽媽的來電讓我了解到自殺不是解答。)
2. Mr. Laurence had his daughter clean her own room.
(Laurence先生叫他女兒清理她的房間。)
(Laurence先生叫他女兒清理她的房間。)
3. Gina made me wash the car for her.
→ Gina got me to wash/washing the car for her. (Gina叫我幫她洗車。)
→ Gina got me to wash/washing the car for her. (Gina叫我幫她洗車。)
let + O + V 讓……做……
【說明】let為使役動詞，其受詞後面所接動詞用原形。
【例句】1. My
parents don’t let me go on the Internet after ten o’clock.
我的父母不許我十點之後上網。
2. The boss let his workers take a vacation
after finishing the big project.
老闆讓他的員工在完成那件大案子後去度假。
【練習】(1) 凱莉的父親不會讓她跟男生出去。
Kelly’s
father won’t let her go out with boys.
(2) 那棟房子的主人允許當地的小孩在他們的大花園裡玩耍。
The owners
of the house let the local children play in their large garden.
S + have + O + V
S + have
+ O + p.p.
【說明】have也可以當作「使役動詞」，相當於make，用法如下：
(1) S + have/has/had + O + V → 表「受詞」主動做V
(2) have/has/had + O + p.p. → 表「受詞」被動接受p.p.
動作
【例句】1. Nancy has both of her sons help with the
housework.
南西讓她兩個兒子幫忙做家事。
2. David always has his car cleaned at
this car wash.
大衛總是把他的車子送到這家洗車廠來洗。
【練習】(1) 克萊兒讓她先生去店裡拿蛋糕了。
Claire had her husband pick up the cake at the store.
(2) 瑞秋去把頭髮剪短了。
Rachel had her hair cut short.
make +
O + V 使……做……
【說明】make是使役動詞，受詞後接原形動詞，表示要受詞做「原形動詞」的動作。
【例句】1.
My boss often makes us work overtime.
我的老闆常常要我們加班。
2. The bad
smell made people feel uncomfortable.
這種臭味使人覺得不舒服。
【練習】(1) 這個藥會讓你覺得想睡覺。
The medicine
will make you feel sleepy
.
(2) 男孩的媽媽試著讓他了解誠實的重要性。
The boy’s mother tried to make her son understand
the
importance of honesty.
ask + sb + (not) to V...
說明
1. ask為不完全及物動詞，表示「要求」或「請求」。ask接受詞之後，因語意仍不夠清楚，所以常接不定詞片語 (to V) 作受詞補語，以使句子的意思完整。
2. 若要表達「要求某人不要做某事」時，則在to V前加not即可。
例句
1. I asked Jack to bring a
rose on that day. (我要求Jack在那天帶一朵玫瑰。)
2. Don’t ask me to wear that
skirt; it is too short!
(別要我穿那件裙子，它太短了！)
3. That waiter asked William not
to take pictures in the restaurant.
(那位服務生要求William不要在餐廳裡照相。)
