非選句型講義:Unit5 動名詞作主詞

V-ing + V_單數/is/was …   動名詞做主詞

【說明】動名詞為句子的主詞時，視為單數，故動詞用第三人稱的單數形，且有時 V-ing 可用不定詞to V替換。

【例句】1. Playing basketball is a popular activity for students in Taiwan during their free time.

打籃球是台灣學生空閒時一項熱門的活動。

2. Reading a newspaper every morning is my father’s habit.

每天早上看報紙是我爸爸的習慣。

【練習】(1) 製作部落格花了我一整個禮拜的時間。

 Making  a blog  took  me a whole week.

(2) 一週游泳兩次讓我舅舅保持身體健康。

 Swimming  twice a week  keeps  my uncle fit.

1. V-ing …+ is/was/V_單數

【說明】動名詞當句子的主詞時，動詞若是be動詞，視時態用is或was，若為一般動詞，則用單數形。

【例句】1. Living in a big city is convenient, but expensive.

住在大城市很方便，但是很昂貴。

2. Studying every day helps you pass exams easily.

每天讀書有助於你輕鬆通過考試。

【練習】(1) 喝太多可樂對你的健康不好。

Drinking too much coke  is  not good for your health.

(2) 烤蛋糕需要（require）蛋、麵粉、奶油跟糖。

Baking a cake requires eggs, flour, butter, and sugar.

V-ing + V_單數

【說明】1. 句子的主詞需為名詞，如遇動詞，需改成動名詞 V-ing或不定詞to V，不論是V-ing或to V當主詞，皆視為單數，動詞需用單數。

2. 可改用It + be/V + to V的句型，以求句子的簡潔。

3. 若有兩個或兩個以上的V-ing當主詞，則用複數動詞。（如例句3）

【例句】1. Jogging alone seems very boring.

à To jog alone seems very boring.

à It seems very boring to jog alone.

獨自一個人慢跑似乎很無趣。

2. Caring for children and the elderly takes patience.

à To care for children and the elderly takes patience.

à It takes patience to care for children and the elderly.

照顧小孩和老年人需要耐心。

3. Eating well and exercising often are important in keeping healthy.

吃得好與多運動對保持健康是很重要的。

【練習】(1) 彈吉他沒有我想像的容易。

 Playing  the guitar   is   not as easy as I thought.

(2) 這位作家花了兩年的時間完成這本小說。

  It   took the writer two years   to    finish  the novel.